Driven by Gen-Z, Preowned Clothing is Expected to Make Up 27% of the Average Resale Buyer’s Closet By 2023

PARIS—The estimated value of the apparel, footwear, and accessories resale market is between $100 and $120 billion worldwide, more than three times the size it was in 2020, according to new research by Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and Vestiaire Collective, a global platform for preowned fashion. The report, titled What an Accelerating Secondhand Market Means for Fashion Brands and Retailers, is being released today.

The secondhand market is already worth 3% to 5% of the overall apparel, footwear, and accessories sector and could grow to as much as 40%. While resale products make up approximately one quarter of secondhand products buyers’ closets, they are expected to comprise 27% of closets in 2023. Gen-Z consumers are the most apt to both buy (31%) and sell (44%) secondhand items, with millennials close behind.

“At BCG, we have been analyzing the global resale market in detail since its infancy,” said Sarah Willersdorf, BCG’s global head of luxury and coauthor of the report. “It is now certain that consumers have embraced secondhand and it’s changing the way they buy and sell their clothes. There is a tremendous opportunity for brands that enter this market to capture new customers while also appealing to existing shoppers motivated by sustainability, affordability, and exclusivity.”

Sustainability Is an Increasingly Prominent Driving Force for Secondhand Buyers

The report is based on two global surveys of 6,000 consumers conducted in 2020, and 2,000 consumers in 2022, to better understand their engagement with the resale market. While affordability was cited as the primary driver for buying secondhand items among more than half of respondents, this trend is declining. Product variety was reported as the second biggest driver behind consumption of secondhand goods. Forty percent of buyers view secondhand as their way to consume fashion sustainably, and the same number are choosing the secondhand market for the large choice and unique pieces it offers. The thrill of the hunt and opportunity to barter with sellers are also increasingly popular factors for purchasing secondhand clothing, with 35% of survey respondents reporting them as their driving forces.

Sellers Are Motivated by Detoxing Their Wardrobe but Deterred by a Lack of Time

Sixty percent of those selling secondhand items are looking to clean out their wardrobes and make room in their closets. That same number also reported motivation to recover the residual value of their item and either spend it on secondhand (39%) or firsthand (20%) products, or in general (39%).

While selling is an increasingly adopted behavior among buyers, not all buyers have sold items on the secondhand market themselves. Thirty percent of non-sellers have something to sell but haven’t been able to find the time to list their items. In lieu of selling, 30% of respondents prefer to give their items away to friends or charities. One-quarter of buyers reported that they wouldn’t know what items they would sell from their wardrobes.

“Vestiaire Collective is the leading global app for desirable pre-loved fashion created in 2009 with one mission: to transform the fashion industry for a more sustainable future,” said Fanny Moizant, cofounder, and president of Vestiaire Collective. “We are proud to see that sustainability and environmental awareness are increasing drivers for customers to buy and sell, but also for companies who wish to integrate circularity into their business model. While there are many avenues for brands to explore this market, internally or with an external partner, collaborating with an established platform like Vestiaire Collective has significant advantages, including access to a community of over 23 million resale consumers worldwide, as well as over a decade of data, pricing, logistics and fulfillment expertise.”

Succeeding in the Brave New Resale World

Nearly 60% of consumers have either discovered a brand or bought it for the first time secondhand, underscoring the strong opportunity for brands to increase their reach to new customers by participating in the resale market.

The report outlines three models for brands or retailers to consider when entering the secondhand market.

• Owning and Operating Its Own Resale Capabilities: By reselling their own collections online and in stores, companies can retain control of their brand and pricing structure and still make a margin twice on the same item. But this approach can be resource intensive, and there can be limited customer reach, as well as volume and inventory risks.
• Partnering With a Resale Platform: This model offers a mutually beneficial solution. The platform handles the logistics, payment processing, and product validation, while gaining increased traffic, promotion, and credibility from the retailer. For its part, the brand can resell its products, boost recognition, and cheaply acquire new customers without having to run the resale operation.
• Exploring Resale Without Making a Significant Investment or Long-Term Commitment: This option includes giving a retail partner a modestly sized retail space in stores and developing discount-and-incentive schemes for selling secondhand clothing back to retailers. These lighter solutions help increase footfall and audience reach, and allow players to participate in the circular economy while mitigating the risk that comes with counterfeit goods.

Download the publication here.

Media Contacts:

Boston Consulting Group:
Eric Gregoire
+1 617 850 3783
gregoire.eric@bcg.com

Vestiaire Collective:
Marie Tobaly
pr@vestiairecollective.com

About Vestiaire Collective

Vestiaire Collective is the leading global app for desirable pre-loved fashion. It is dedicated to transforming the fashion industry for a more sustainable future by promoting the circular fashion movement as an alternative to overproduction and overconsumption and the wasteful practices of the fashion industry. Inspired by the “Long Live Fashion” philosophy, it provides its community - those who live for fashion and take care of it for life - with inspiration, tools and features to lead the change as they sell and buy unique pre-loved pieces from each other’s wardrobes. The platform is unique thanks to its highly engaged community and its rare, desirable inventory of 5 million items. Launched in Paris in 2009, Vestiaire Collective is a Certified B Corporation® with offices in Paris, New York, Los Angeles, Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore and a tech hub in Berlin. Find out more by downloading the app, visiting www.vestiairecollective.com and following @vestiaireco on Instagram.